Operationalizing Human Authorship in AI Systems: A Design Science Study of the FERC Framework

Abstract

Generative AI is rapidly evolving toward increasingly autonomous, agentic systems, raising a fundamental question: how can human judgment remain economically indispensable in AI-mediated work? The Hybrid Intelligence (HI) paradigm proposes a shift from automation-centric architectures toward interaction designs that structurally embed human authorship and decision-making within workflows. This paper investigates how the Frame–Explore–Refine–Commit (FERC) framework model as a metacognitive scaffold for human–AI co-creation, can be operationalized, measured, and integrated into real-world chatbot systems. We present an iterative design science research (DSR) study developing a FERC-based chatbot (“FERC-bot”) across five design cycles. The study demonstrates how adversarial prompting can systematically exploit naive scoring approaches, revealing fundamental limitations of surface-level authorship metrics. We argue that reliable authorship support requires a shift from static output evaluation toward process-aware, interaction-embedded design. We also outline a vision in which FERC-based scoring and interaction principles can be integrated into commercial and custom AI systems, providing both front-end metacognitive guidance and certifiable validation of human authorship. Such capabilities may form a key building block for trust and accountability in a human-touch hybrid intelligence economy.

Accepted for Hybrid Human AI (HHAI) conference 2026.

Authors

Jacob Sherson, Manuel Rindle, Frederik Brosbøl Kjeldsen, Mille Berg, Yoed N. Kennet, Janet Rafner


About

DOI
10.3233/FAIA260554

Published in
The HHAI Conference

APA
Sherson, J., Rindle, M., Brosbøl Kjeldsen, F., Berg, M., Kenett, Y. N., & Rafner, J. (2026). Operationalizing Human Authorship in AI Systems: A Design Science Study of the FERC Framework. In Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications. IOS Press. https://doi.org/10.3233/faia260554