ET Mastering

Contributed Use Case

Hybrid Intelligence in Sound: ET Mastering and the Art of Human-AI Co-Creation

Executive summary

AI can master a track in seconds. What it cannot do is decide what the music should feel — and that judgment is what audiences ultimately connect with.

AI analyses

500+ spectral parameters

Engineer decides

No / yes · Feel · Meaning

Authentic sound

Identity · Novelty · Craft

The Challenge

AI mastering defaults to the statistically average — what has worked before, what fits the genre. It reduces resonances and erases the individual character that defines an artist’s identity across an entire body of work.

The HI Approach

Emil Thomsen operates a self-built spectral database he controls entirely. AI offers technical suggestions; his ear decides. A rhythmic no/yes loop — accelerated by AI, resolved by human intuition — shapes every output.

The Outcomes

As AI commodified surface-level mastering, craftsmanship became more valued, not less. Practitioners without genuine dedication fell away. ET Mastering’s position clarified: human expertise is the competitive advantage AI cannot replicate.


Introduction

In collaboration with ET Mastering and mastering engineer Emil Thomsen, CHI explored how Hybrid Intelligence (HI) manifests in music production and mastering. ET Mastering operates in a field where AI is already an active player — many online services allow users to upload a track and receive an AI-mastered version within seconds. The case examines how this pressure has sharpened rather than diminished the value of human expertise, and how AI tools and human creativity interact not as competitors, but as partners in developing sound, identity, and originality.


The Context

AI excels at looking backward. It can analyze vast amounts of data and recreate what has previously sounded good — standardized, recognizable soundscapes. But AI struggles to look forward. It lacks a sense of cultural movement, taste, and context. It cannot perceive authenticity, novelty, or coherence across an entire body of work.

AI can produce a single track that fits within an artist’s style. But it cannot create the next track in the same artistic universe. It lacks relational understanding of its own stylistic choices — the ability to maintain a consistent artistic expression across an entire album or a sustained creative identity over time. Because AI draws on statistics, it hits a likely point within a stylistic space, but misses what might be called serial authenticity: the coherence across tracks and releases that listeners ultimately connect with. It enables isolated perfection, but not the shaping of an artistic identity.

A central part of Emil’s practice is the pursuit of what he calls novelty value — the deliberate injection of something new and unexpected into a track. AI is structurally unable to support this. Because it draws on historical data, it defaults toward the statistically average: what has worked before, what fits the genre, what the industry already sounds like. For Emil, that is precisely the wrong direction. He works against standardization, not toward it — and that requires a human sense of what is moving culturally, what has not been heard yet, and when something is ready to be pushed further. AI becomes actively unhelpful here, not just neutral.

Emil also notes a recurring technical issue: AI tools often reduce resonances too aggressively. Because the system interprets resonances as statistical outliers, it smooths them out — even when they are essential to a voice or instrument’s character. In many cases, doing so removes not only individuality, but also the micro-energies that create real loudness and authenticity.

Today, musicians actively seek the opposite: the raw, resonant, imperfect, and unmistakably human. As Emil puts it: “The voice is the most anti-AI element.” A vocal that doesn’t carry its natural,Today, musicians actively seek the opposite: the raw, resonant, imperfect, and unmistakably human. As Emil puts it: “The voice is the most anti-AI element.” A vocal that doesn’t carry its natural, resonant presence simply doesn’t feel authentic. This shift has turned authenticity into a competitive advantage for ET Mastering — the ability to sense, shape, and preserve the qualities that machines routinely overwrite.


The HI Element

ET Mastering exemplifies practical Hybrid Intelligence — where AI functions as a continuously learning partner rather than an automated replacement.

Over more than fifteen years, Emil has developed a human-curated perceptual system: a self-built spectral database that allows him to analyze and categorize sound across more than 500 parameters. This is not machine learning in the conventional sense. The system does not learn autonomously — Emil controls and curates its development strictly. It is pattern recognition in service of his own workflow: a tool he has built, and remains master of.

This infrastructure represents Hybrid Intelligence at the algorithm and interface level: a human-controlled adaptive system that combines analytical structure with embodied intuition within a shared workflow.

When mastering a track, Emil uses his tools to quickly visualize frequency balance, loudness, and tonal character. The system offers technical suggestions, but his process depends on listening, not accepting automation:

When I’m mastering, I constantly go: no / yes / no / yes — and that makes me more creative.

AI gives me possibilities, but I still have to feel what’s right. The machine is fast — I’m the filter.

Emil Thomsen
ET Mastering

Beyond technical tools, Emil also uses conversational AI as an internal dialogue partner. When listening to a track, he runs a kind of accelerated association process — describing what he hears, asking what context it could belong to, generating a moodboard of possibilities. Where this process previously required slow, deliberate association, AI helps him arrive at creative directions faster. The judgment remains entirely his; the AI expands the search space. This is prediction–judgment complementarity in a creative context: machine-generated possibility, human-defined meaning.

This rhythmic back-and-forth — accept, reject, refine — is a practical form of co-creativity. Analytical tools accelerate exploration; Emil’s ear defines meaning. Together, they form an iterative loop where the system refines its outputs through feedback, and Emil’s intuition sharpens through exposure to new sonic possibilities.

AI can instantly generate a technically correct sound file, yet true mastering happens in the milliseconds where human judgment adjusts a drum hit, a bass balance, or a vocal resonance. That micro-level attention — informed by emotion and embodied skill — defines Hybrid Intelligence at the user level: a human actively learning, adapting, and expanding the system’s expressive boundaries.


The Envisioned Outcomes

The case demonstrates how Hybrid Intelligence can elevate creative industries by combining computational speed with human sense-making. For ET Mastering, this has resulted in a refined workflow — faster analysis, more time for artistic exploration — and a clearer articulation of where human value lies: authenticity and craftsmanship as measurable quality signals in an automated industry.

More broadly, the case illustrates a wider cultural movement. As AI commodifies surface-level production, audiences and clients increasingly value music that sounds and feels human. Notably, Emil welcomes the AI revolution — not despite what it has done to his industry, but because of it. The practitioners who were never fully committed — offering mastering without real dedication — have largely fallen away, outcompeted by tools that do the superficial work faster and cheaper. What remains is a sharper, more serious field, where the human value of craftsmanship is more visible and more valued than before. AI has not weakened ET Mastering’s position. It has clarified it.

AI doesn’t make me redundant — it makes me more aware of what I can do that AI can’t.

Emil Thomsen
ET Mastering